G
G
The acceleration of gravity (32.2 ft/sec/sec, 9.8 m/sec/sec). Accelerations are usually expressed as multiples of one gravity (viz, 1G, 2G, 3.6G).
Gafs
SEE: Gas Available for Sale.
Gain
An increase (or change) in signal amplitude (or power) from one point in a circuit or system to another, often from system input to output.
Gain Control
A sensitivity adjustment of an amplifier or circuit.
Galena
Lead sulfide (PbS).
Gall
To score or ridge a bearing or shaft.
Galling
Surface damage on threads caused by localized friction welding of high spots.
Gallons Per Mcf
The liquid content of natural gas. Abbreviated GPM.
Gallons Per Mcf Range
The minimum gallon per mcf and/or maximum gallon per mcf for liquid content of the gas in the gathering system.
Gallons Per Mcf Test Interval
The interval of time between gallons per mcf (GPM) tests required by contract. The methods used to determine this GPM are: Field compression test; Charcoal adsorption test.
Gallons Per Mcf Test Type
Indicates the type of test used to recovered liquid product from a gas stream used for a settlement of liquid content of a the gas stream. Methods used to determine this GPM are: Field Compression Test and Charcoal Adsorption Test.
Galvanize
To coat a metal with zinc.
Gamma Ray
A high energy, shortwave length electromagnetic radiation emitted by a nucleus. Energies of gamma rays are usually between 0.010 and 10 MeV. Gamma rays are penetrating and are best attenuated by dense materials like lead and tungsten.
Gamma Ray Log
A well log of the intensity of natural radioactivity in the rocks surrounding the borehole. An important indicator of rock shaliness, the shape of the gamma ray log curve is used for well correlation, whether logged in cased or open hole.
Gantry
A structural frame, extending above the upperstructure to which the boom support ropes are reeved. Also referred to as: A Frame.
Gap Scanning
Short fluid column coupling technique.
Gas
(1) A fluid substance that completely fills any container in which it is confined and whose volume is dependent on the size of and pressure exerted upon the container. A gas is readily compressible.(2) Natural gas, including casinghead gas produced with crude oil, gas from gas wells and gas from condensate wells, and synthetic natural gas.
Gas Analysis Test Interval
The time interval between analysis tests (mass spectrometer; gas chromatography; fractional analysis) required by contract.
Gas Anchor
A device for the downhole separation of oil and gas in a pumping well. It serves to prevent gas lock by minimizing gas entry into the pump.
Gas Available For Sale
The amount of natural gas available for sale.
Gas Balance
Comparison of the sum of the volumes of gas production or receipts with the sum of the volumes of the dispositions of the gas.
Gas Balancing Agreement
An agreement covering the manner in which volumes of deferred gas production or exchange gas will be balanced between the parties to the agreement.
Gas Blanket
A certain volume and pressure of gas contained just above the surface of a fluid in storage.
Gas Blowby
The discharge of gas from a process component through a liquid outlet.
Gas Breakout
Fluids containing gas in solution will release this gas when pressure is reduced or temperature increases. Shrinkage of oil in storage tanks may be due to gas breakout.
Gas Cap
An accumulation of gas in the highest part of a reservoir, overlaying an accumulation of oil but not in solution with the oil.
Gas Cap Drive
The drive energy supplied naturally by the expansion of gas in a cap overlying the oil in a reservoir.
Gas Cap Gas
SEE: Free Gas.
Gas Charge Type
A type of charge deducted from the lease value determined by volume of gas produced.
Gas Chart Scanner
SEE: Integrator.
Gas Collection System Cost
Costs associated with design and construction of gas gathering networks.
Gas Component Owner Name
The name of the party who currently holds the title to a product component of a raw gas stream.
Gas Component Percentage
The percent content of specific identifiable components in a gas stream.
Gas Component Title Disposition
Identifies the title right pertaining to the acquisition or retention of a component of gas. The acquisition may be an option or an obligation and may be through a purchase or in lieu of a fee.
Gas Concentration Value
The concentration of specified gases in a gas stream.
Gas Cut
Gas entrained by a drilling fluid.
Gas Cycling
Return to a reservoir the gas remaining after extraction of liquids, for the purpose of maintaining pressure in the reservoir and thus increasing the recovery of liquids from the reservoir.
Gas Dedicated Type Code
The type of gas dedicated or committed for delivery under a contract; e.g., gas well gas; casinghead gas; associated gas.
Gas Dedication Type
Indicates the type of gas dedicated under a contract; e.g., Specific acreage; Gathering system; Designated area; Defined area; Available volume; Surplus volume.
Gas Deliverability
The daily open flow potential volume of all natural gas from gas wells.
Gas Delivered To Plant Volume
The volume of gas delivered to a plant.
Gas Delivery Point
The point specified in a contract where physical control of the gas passes from one party to another.
Gas Detection System
A control system which monitors the concentration of combustible gases and initiates alarm and shutdown functions at predetermined concentrations.
Gas Drive
Expansion of gas within a reservoir to force liquid hydrocarbons to the wellbores of producing wells.
Gas Electric Rig
SEE: Diesel Electric Rig.
Gas Evolution
The ratio of change in solution gas-oil ratio to the original solution gas-oil ratio.
Gas Expansion
When oil and gas are found in the same reservoir under pressure, the drilling of a well into the reservoir releases the pressure, causing the gas to expand. The expanding gas drives the oil toward and up the wellbore. The expansive energy of the gas can be harnessed whether the gas is in solution or forming a cap above the oil.
Gas Expansion Factor
The measured gas expansion factor for the gas condensate found in a reservoir.
Gas Flare
An open flame used to dispose of unwanted or unusable gas.
Gas Flaring Flag
An indicator of whether there is approved burning or disposition of produced gas through a pipe or underwater flare.
Gas Gathering Rate Flag
An indicator of whether or not the rate must be adjusted for gathering before a settlement is calculated.
Gas Gravity Factor Value
The factor used to adjust for specific gravity during a gas production test.
Gas Gravity Measurement
The specific gravity of gas relative to air.
Gas Gross Sales Amount
The gross sales value for the year where no plant products are involved. Includes all revenue relating to the production for the reported year, including tax reimbursements and all other revenue received or credited to all interest owners not taking in-kind and reporting on their behalf, and including all Federal, State or Tribal royalty owner's interest.
Gas Group Code
An identifier assigned by a regulatory agency to identify gas acquisitions and dispositions.
Gas Hydrate
Ice-like solid, formed by a combination of water and an encaged gas molecule, that can remain stable above the freezing point of water.
Gas Injection
Gas injected into a formation to maintain or restore reservoir pressure to enhance ultimate recovery of hydrocarbons.
Gas Injection System Cost
Costs associated with design and construction/implementation of a gas injection system.
Gas Injection Well
An injection well for which the injected fluid is gas.
Gas Input Well
SEE: Gas Injection Well.
Gas Lift
A method of mechanical lifting of oil in which the energy of compressed gas is used as the source of power for bringing the well fluid to the surface.
Gas Lift Gas
Gas injected near the well completion for the purpose of lifting oil. The gas does not leave the wellbore, and it tends to lift the oil as it makes its way back to the surface.
Gas Lift Gas Injected Volume
The volume of gas used to lift oil.
Gas Lift Input Gas Rate
The rate of gas injected into the wellbore during a gas lift well test.
Gas Lift Mandrel
A device run in the tubing string into which a gas lift valve is installed. The two most common types of mandrels are the conventional mandrel and the sidepocket mandrel. The gas lift valve is installed in the conventional gas lift mandrel as the tubing is placed in the wellbore. To replace or repair the valve the tubing string must be pulled. On the other hand, the gas lift valve is installed and removed from the sidepocket mandrel by wireline while the mandrel is still in the wellbore, eliminating t
Gas Lift System Cost
Costs associated with design and construction/implementation of a gas lift system.
Gas Lift Valve
A device installed on the tubing string of a gas lift well completion that is sensitive to tubing and casing pressures, which cause the valve to open and close. The functioning of the valve is to allow gas to be injected into the fluid in the tubing in order to cause the fluid to rise to the surface.
Gas Lift Vented Volume
The disposition of gas into the atmosphere after use for gas lift.
Gas Liquid Ratio
The number of standard cubic feet of gas produced with a stock tank barrel of liquid (oil and water). Usually stated in cuft per bbl.
Gas Liquid Volume
The volume of natural gas liquids.
Gas Lock
The condition of oil well pumps in which gas in the pumping chamber is compressed and expanded between the valves, resulting in loss of fluid delivery.
Gas Measurer Name
The person or company who is authorized to measure gas.
Gas Measurer Number
The number of the gas measurer.
Gas Metal Arc Welded Pipe
Pipe having one longitudinal seam formed by continuous gas metal inside and at least one pass from the outside of the pipe. Gas metal arc welding is an arc welding process wherein coalescence is produced by heating with an arc between continuous filler metal (consummable) electrode and the work. Shielding is obtained entirely from an externally supplied gas or gas mixture. The shielding gas protects the fluid weld metal from oxidation or contamination by the surrounding atmosphere.
Gas Meter Count
The number (count) of gas meters on a facility.
Gas Meter Type
The type of measurement device for determining volume of gas flowing past a given point in a line.
Gas Mixture Gravity Measurement
The specific gravity of the mixture of the gas and liquid hydrocarbons.
Gas Movement Code
A indicator of inter- or intra-state sales or a combination of both.
Gas Net Taxable Amount
THe value of gas on which tax is based.
Gas Oil Contact
The contact between the accumulations of gas and oil within a reservoir.
Gas Oil Contact Acres
The areal extent of the gas oil contact in the reservoir.
Gas Oil Contact True Vertical Depth
The subsea depth to the gas/oil contact in the borehole.
Gas Oil Ratio
A measure of the volume of gas produced with oil. Commonly abbreviated as GOR.
Gas Plant
The Economic Regulatory Administration (ERA) defines as a facility in which natural gas liquids are separated from natural gas, or in which natural gas liquids are fractionated or otherwise separated into natural gas liquid products, or both. Gathering facilities and related transportation lines shall be considered a part of gas plant, only if the first seller of the natural gas liquids or natural gas liquid products produced in the plant has no beneficial interest in the residue gas from the plant.
Gas Plant Number
The number assigned to uniquely identify a gas processing plant.
Gas Plant Product
A liquid recovered from natural gas in a gas processing plant or, from field facilities.
Gas Processing Plant
A facility designed: (1) To achieve the recovery of natural gas liquids from the stream of natural gas which may or may not have been processed through lease separators and field facilities. (2) To control the quality of the natural gas to be marketed. Also referred to as: Gas Plant.
Gas Production After Treatment
The amount of gas that was recovered during the test period after the interval had been treated.
Gas Production Volume
The total volume of gas the well/reservoir produced for the specified period of time.
Gas Purchaser Type
Identifies the type of gas purchaser. This identifies the sale as a direct or indirect sale to a ldc, end user, etc.
Gas Quality Method
The method used for adjusting a settlement based on the quality of the gas stream.
Gas Quantity Adjustment Flag
An indicator of whether or not an adjustment is necessary due to reduced production.
Gas Quantity Allocation
The distribution of volumetric data which was measured at a central point to specific entities based upon data acquired through common measurement procedures utilizing common quality factors.
Gas Rate Per Well Test Before Work
The volume of gas produced during a well test, calculated over 24 hours, before the proposed work has started.
Gas Regulator
A device for controlling the pressure of gas flowing in a pipeline.
Gas Reservoir
A reservoir that contains hydrocarbons predominently in a gaseous (single phase) state.
Gas Returned From Processing Plant Volume
The volume of gas returned to lease from gas processing plant.
Gas Revenue Accounting Data Exchange
An Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) that is the collection of gas volume and statement information on the movement of natural gas and natural gas liquids (NGL). Commonly referred to as GRADE.
Gas Royalty Calculation Method Code
An indicator of the method used to calculate gas royalties.
Gas Sales Volume
The volume of gas sold during the specified reporting period.
Gas Sand
A porous sandstone reservoir which contains natural gas.
Gas Saturation
The extent to which the pore space in a formation contains gas.
Gas Saturation Percentage
The percentage of the porosity volume that is saturated with gas.
Gas Sweetening Unit
SEE: Treater.
Gas Temperature Factor Value
The factor for correcting voluimes of gas for standards during the gas test.
Gas Test Method Code
An indicator of the method use to measure a gas volume during a test.
Gas Total Tax And Fees Due Amount
The total calculated tax and fee liability for gas.
Gas Transferred Off-lease Volume
The volume of gas moved off from lease on which the gas was originally produced or gathered.
Gas Treating Plant
A plant to remove contaminants from natural gas.
Gas Type Code
Used to classify natural gas according to types of gas utilized by industry and regulatory agencies; e.g., casinghead gas; gas well gas; residue gas; coal seam gas.
Gas Value Calculation Rate
The rate used to calculate the value of a gas stream which is applied to the volume of gas without adjustment for British thermal unit (BTU) content.
Gas Water Contact
The contact between the accumulation of gas in a reservoir and its bottom waters.
Gas Water Contact Depth
The measured depth at the point between the accumulation of gas in a reservoir and the bottom water underlying the gas.
Gas Well
(1) A well capable of producing gaseous hydrocarbons.(2) A regulatory designation of gas well filed by the operator.
Gas Well Completion
A well completion in a gas reservoir or in the gas cap of an oil reservoir.
Gas Well Gas
(1) Gas not associated with oil. (2) Gas produced from wells designated as gas wells.
Gas Well Gas Price Per Unit Amount
The value per unit of measure for gas well gas.
Gasket
A thin sheet of composition or metal used in making a joint water, gas, oil, or steam tight. It is squeezed between metal surfaces.
Gasoline
A volatile, inflammible, liquid hydrocarbon mixture in the C6 to C9 hydrocarbon range.
Gasoline Plant
SEE: Gas Processing Plant.
Gasometer
An apparatus used to hold and measure gases.
Gate
(1) An electronic means to monitor an associated segment of time, distance, or impulse.(2) A movable, closing apparatus of a valve.(3) The interval of record time over which a function (such as an autocorrelation or crosscorrelation) is evaluated.(4) An opening in a fence to secure entrance into an area.
Gate Valve
A valve made with a slab or wedge-shaped disk that is moved from open to closed position by the action of the threaded valve stem. The valve may or may not be full opening.
Gather
A grouping of seismic traces having some common attribute. Examples are common source gather, common receiver gather, common midpoint (bin node) gather.
Gatherer
A legal entity which has responsibility for the collection of the gas from the wellhead and the delivery of that gas to either a gas plant or a pipeline.
Gathering Facility
The set of flow lines, valves, manifolds, and other equipment that transports produced fluids between wells and production or injection facilities.
Gathering Line
Pipe, usually of small diameter, used to transport oil or gas from the lease to the main pipeline in the area. In the case of oil, the lines run from lease tanks to a central pump station at the beginning of the main pipeline. In the case of gas, the flow is continuous from the wellhead to the main pipeline.
Gathering System
A series of pipes connecting one or more natural gas wells which is used to deliver gas into a mainline transmission system or gas plant for processing. The system is typically managed by a single operator.
Gauge
An instrument for measuring or testing volumes, pressures, sizes, or quantities.
Gauge And Test Port Connection
Holes drilled and tapped into API Specification equipment through which internal pressure may be measured or through which pressure may be applied to test the sealing mechanisms.
Gauge Differential Measurement
The meter differential pressure as measured in inches of water or the square root in inches of water for a 100 inch meter. For shorter or longer meters the length is factored.
Gauge Glass
A glass tube that furnishes a visual indication of the level of water or other liquid within a vessel.
Gauge Line Paste
A material which is put on a gauge line that changes color when contacted with water. Used to find water or BS&W level in tanks.
Gauge Point
A predetermined point on the thread flanks used as a reference for measuring thread elements.
Gauge Pressure
The pressure exerted on the interior walls of a vessel by the fluid contained in the vessel as indicated by the device capable of measuring this pressure (a pressure gauge). Absolute pressure being equal to gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure (psig= pounds per square inch gauge).
Gauge Reamer
A sub with a set of cutting edges or rollers with an outer diameter equal to that of the bit.
Gauge Tester
An instrument to calibrate a gauge.
Gauge Type
The type of gauge used in a test; e.g., pressure; rate.
Gauged Shut- In Pressure Measurement
The pressure measurement recorded within a shut-in casing, tubing or drillstem.
Gauger
A person who measures the quantity and quality of oil and/or gas for custody transfer. Normally the gauger is an agent of the purchasing company and in effect purchases the product.
Gauging
The act of using a measuring line or tape to determine liquid level in a tank or a storage vessel.
Gauging Nipple
A small section of pipe in the top of a tank through which a tank may be gauged.
Gaussmeter
SEE: Magnetometer.
Gear Ratio
On a decanting centrifuge, the ratio of the outer bowl speed to the difference in speed between the outer bowl and the conveyor, usually expressed as the number of revolutions of the outer bowl for a difference of one complete revolution between the outer bowl and the screw conveyor.
Gear Unit
On a centrifuge, a reduction device connected to the rotating bowl and driving the conveyor at a slightly different rate.
Gearbox
The enclosure or case containing a gear train or assembly of gears to increase or decrease revolutions between a driver and driven unit.
Gel
A term used to designate highly colloidal, high yielding, viscosity building commercial clays; e.g., bentonite; attapulgite clays.
Gel Cement
Cement having a small to moderate percentage of bentonite added as a filler and/or to reduce the slurry weight. SEE: Gunk Plug.
Gel Strength
Measurement of mud colloidal dispersion to develop and retain a gel form, based on the resistance to shear.
Gelation
The formation of a gel.
Gelled Up
Oil field jargon usually referring to any fluid with high gel strength and/or highly viscous properties. Often a state of severe flocculation.
General Gas Law
A combination of Boyle's and Charles' laws that is used to calculate standard gas volumes when the gas temperature and pressure are at non-standard conditions.
Genus
The biological genus classification of the fossil.
Geocentric Coordinate System
A Cartesian coordinate system based on the center of the Earth. The z-axis is subparallel to the axis of rotation of the Earth. The x-axis lies in the intersection of the equatorial and reference meridian planes. The y-axis is in the equatorial plane 90 degrees east from the x-axis, forming a right handed coordinate system.
Geochemical Sample Taken Flag
An indicator of whether a geochemical sample was collectedc for the borehole.
Geochemistry
The branch of geology dealing with the chemistry of the earth, including the distribution and abundance of chemical elements and isotopes in minerals, ores, rocks, soils, water, hydrocarbons and the atmosphere.
Geodetic Datum
A reference object that describes the position, orientation, and scale relationships of a reference ellipsoid to the Earth. Modern geodetic datums are defined with respect to the center of the Earth, while historical geodetic datums are defined with respect to fundamental points on the surface of the Earth.
Geographic Coordinate System
A curvilinear coordinate system based upon a geodetic datum. This coordinate system is defined by the axes of latitude, longitude, and height. The latitude of a point is specified as an angle between the equatorial plane and a suitably chosen line through the point. The longitude of a point is specified as an angle between the local meridian of the point and the chosen reference meridian, measured in the equatorial plane. The height is the distance between a point and a vertical datum, such as the ellip
Geoid
The equipotential surface of the gravity field of the Earth which best fits, in a least squares sense, mean sea level.
Geologic Age
Geochronological: A geologic time unit shorter than an epoch and longer than a subage, during which the rocks of the corresponding stage were formed.
Geologic Age Name
Name of the geologic age.
Geologic Basin Code
The numeric indicator assigned by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) to a geologic basin.
Geologic Era
A geologic time unit next in order of magnitude below an eon, during which the rocks of the corresponding erathem were formed; e.g., Paleozoic Era; Mesozoic Era; Cenozoic Era.
Geologic Group
The formal lithostratigraphic unit next in rank above formation, containing two or more contiguous or associated formations with significant lithologic features in common.
Geologic Hazard Code
An indicator of geologic hazards; e.g. high pressure zones, theft zone, hyrogen sulfide zone.
Geologic Marker Measured Base Depth
The measured depth of the bottom of a geologic marker.
Geologic Marker Measured Top Depth
The measured depth at the top of a geologic marker.
Geologic Marker Name
The name of a lithostratigraphic marker.
Geologic Marker True Vertical Bottom Depth
The true vertical depth at the bottom of the geologic marker.
Geologic Marker True Vertical Top Depth
The true vertical depth to the top of the geologic marker.
Geologic Member
A division of a formation differentiated by separate paleo or distinct lithology or a complex of lithologies.
Geologic Pick
The interpreted intersection of a geologic object and a wellbore.
Geologic Pick Interval
The spatial intersection of a wellbore and a geologic object.
Geologic Pick Kind
A type of geologic pick, such as a top, base, midpoint, etc.
Geologic Province
Large region characterized by similar geologic history and development.
Geologic Series
Stratigraphy: A chronostratigraphic unit generally classed next in rank below system and above stage. The rocks formed during an epoch of geologic time.
Geologic Stage
Stratigraphy: A chronostratigraphic unit next in rank below series and above substage. The rocks formed during an age of geologic time.
Geologic Structure
A large-scale geologic feature produced by deformation or displacement of rocks masses by geologic compressional or shear forces to yield features such as faults, anticlines, synclines, domes and basins.
Geologic Structure Type Code
An indicator of the geologic structure; e.g., fault; anticline; dome; stratigraphic.
Geologic System
(Stratigraphy) A major chronostratigraphic unit of world wide significance, representing the fundamental unit of chronostratigraphic classification of Phanerozic rocks. The rocks formed during a period of geologic time. It is next in rank above series and below erathem. Examples of systems include Quaternary; Tertiary; Cretaceous; Jurassic; Triassic; Permian; Pennsylvanian; Mississipian; Devonian; Silurian; Ordovician; and Cambrian (U.S.).
Geologic Time
The period of time dealt with by historical geology, or the time extending from the formative period of the Earth as a separate planetary body to the beginning of written or human history. The time of the Earth's history that is represented by and recorded in the succession of rocks.
Geologic Time Absolute Age
The geologic age of a fossil organism, rock, or geologic feature or event in measured, not relative units of time. Absoluteness does not imply accuracy or precision. Also referred to as: actual age.
Geologic Time Age
Name of stratigraphic unit representing an Age of geologic time.
Geologic Time Eon
Name of stratigraphic unit representing an Eon of geologic time.
Geologic Time Epoch
Name of stratigraphic unit representing an Epoch of geologic time.
Geologic Time Era
Name of stratigraphic unit representing an Era of geologic time.
Geologic Time Informal Unit
Name of informal, or user defined, stratigraphic unit representing geologic time.
Geologic Time Period
Name of stratigraphic unit representing a Period of geologic time.
Geologic Time Stratigraphy
The branch of Stratigraphy dealing with the order and succession of geologic time, as observed in the rock record.
Geologic Time Subage
Name of stratigraphic unit representing a Subage of geologic time.
Geologic Time Unit
Name of stratigraphic unit representing a span of continuous time in geologic history, during which a corresponding chronostratigraphic unit was formed. Also referred to as: geochronologic unit.
Geologic Trend
The spatial distribution and position of stratigraphic units. In petroleum engineering, this is a geographic area usually of sedimentary deposits of similar producing characteristics, structural style, and age.
Geological Target
A drilling target based upon geological criteria.
Geology
The scientific study of the origin, history and structure of the earth as recorded in rocks.
Geophone
A seismic receiver that measures vibrations passing through the crust of the earth, used in conjunction with seismography. The geophone, also referred to as a seismometer, converts seismic oscillations of the ground into electrical signals. Downhole geophones are used in velocity check shot surveys and vertical seismic profiling.
Geophysical Method
Any method based on physics, used to investigate the properties of the Earth. Examples include: seismic reflection, seismic refraction, gravity, magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic, radiometric, and nuclear.
Geophysics
The study of the earth by quantitative physical methods; includes seismology, tectonophysics and engineering geophysics.
Geopolitical Area
An area of interest that is usually administrered by a specific political entity, such as a government or regulatory agency.
Geopolitical Entity
An organization that has the authority to govern, rule, or administer within a well defined area on the surface of the Earth. Examples are countries, cities, states, provinces, parishes, etc.
Geoscience
The science dealing with the earth, encompassing geology and geophysics.
Geothermal
Of or pertaining to the heat of the Earth's interior.
Geothermal Gradient
The temperature gradient with respect to vertical depth.
Germicide
A chemical or agent that kills microorganisms such as bacteria. Such compounds must be registered as pesticides with EPA. Also referred to as: Bactericide.
Gfi
Ground Fault Interruptor.
Ghost
An indication which has no direct relation to reflected pulses from discontinuities in the materials being tested.
Gilsonite
A naturally occurring solid hydrocarbon belonging to the asphalt group. A granular form of gilsonite is sometimes used as a cement additive.
Gimble Correction
The difference in measurements obtained with the gimbel system of a gyroscope in a plane nonparallel to the horizontal plane of a borehole and those obtained if the gimble system were in the horizontal plane.
Gin Pole
A pole used with hoisting equipment to lift heavy loads.
Gin Pole Truck
A truck equipped with a pair of poles and hoisting equipment for use in lifting heavy machinery around a lease.
Girth
One of the horizontal braces between the legs of a derrick.
Girth Seam
A circumferential butt welded seam lying in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, used to join sections into lengths of straight pipe.
Gland
(1) A device used to form a seal around a reciprocating or rotating rod to prevent fluid or vapor leakage.(2) the ring used to compress packing around a valve stem, pump shaft, etc.
Global Stresses
Stresses resulting from global frame action.
Globe Valve
A type of pipeline valve that shuts off as the stem, rotated by the hand wheel, moves a mating part downward into a ground seat that is integral to the valve body.
Glr
SEE: Gas Liquid Ratio.
Glycol
A liquid dehydrating agent used in the continuous drying of a natural gas.
Glycol Unit
A unit which lowers water content from a natural gas system.
Go In The Hole
To lower drill pipe, tubing, workover tools, or other devices into the wellbore.
Go-devil
(1) A scraper with self adjusting spring blades, inserted in a pipeline and carried forward by the fluid pressure, clearing away accumulations, particularly paraffin, from the walls of the pipe.
Going In Hole
SEE: Go In The Hole.
Gone To Water
Describes a well completion in which oil production has decreased and water production has greatly increased.
Goniometer
An instrument for measuring angles, as in surveying.
Goodman Diagram
A plot of reversed bending stress versus the average tensile stress in; e.g., drill pipe.
Goose Neck
The connecting member of the hose on a rotary swivel.
Gor
SEE: Gas Oil Ratio.
Gouge
Elongated grooves or cavities caused by mechanical removal of metal.
Gouging
The scraping of the seabed by ice features.
Government Lease Number
The number assigned by agencies of the United States, Canada, states of the United States, or provinces of Canada to identify properties.
Government Lease Subcategory
Represents a further breakdown or subcategory for a government mineral lease. For a Federal lease, it will indicate the type acquired or public domain. For an Indian lease, it will indicate the name of the Indian tribe.
Gpm
Gallons per thousand cubic feet. This is the quantity of liquefiable hydrocarbons contained in a gas stream.
Gpm Adjustment
Indicates whether GPM is to be adjusted by plant efficiency factor before determining the contract percent from the content table.
Graben
A down dropped block between two normal faults.
Grade
SEE: Gas Revenue Accounting Data Exchange.
Gradiomanometer
A production logging tool that measures a continuous profile of a pressure gradient, recorded as specific gravity as a function of depth. The tool uses two nearly adjacent sensitive membrane pressure sensors for high resolution.
Grain Density
Specific gravity of the grains composing a sediment.
Grain Size
Average diameter of the particles in a sediment or rock; e.g., boulder; coarse sand; clay.
Granny Rag
A canvas sling used in hand coating of pipe to catch excess coating material and to swab it over the pipe.
Granular Ice
Ice consisting of granular ice crystals.
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
A nonmetallic material consisting essentially of glassy, noncrystalline silicates of calcium and other bases. Slag, depending upon its form, may be pozzolanic and/or cementitious.
Granule
A clastic sedimentary particle with a diameter between two and four millimeters, based on the Wentworth Scale of Measurement.
Grasshopper
A piping device used to control the level of the interface between oil and water in a storage tank.
Graticule
A network of lines representing geographic parallels and meridians forming a map projection.
Gravel Mesh Size
The mesh size of the gravel used in the packing operation.
Gravel Pack
(1) A technique of well completion that installs a layer of well sorted gravel in the borehole at the pay zone to minimize caving and clogging of the borehole.
Gravel Pack Fluid Viscosity
Viscosity of the fluid used during the gravel packing operation.
Gravel Pack Log
The gravel pack logging tool is a neutron type device that evaluates the condition of the gravel pack.
Gravel Prepack Mesh Size
The mesh size of the gravel used in prepacking operations.
Gravel Screen Diameter
The outer diameter of the gravel pack screen.
Gravel Screen Length
The length of the gravel pack screen from top to bottom.
Gravimeter
An instrument for measuring variations in gravitational attraction. Also known as a gravity meter.
Gravitometer
SEE: Gravimeter.
Gravity Adjustment Code
An indicator of how to calculate the adjustment to a liquid product stream for the API gravity.
Gravity Api
SEE: API Gravity.
Gravity Drainage
The movement of the oil in the reservoir toward the wellbore due to the force of gravity.
Gravity Factor
A calculated value derived by taking the square root of the value of one divided by the specific gravity. It is used as a multiplier factor in rate-of-flow equations.
Gravity Force
The force of attraction between bodies because of their masses.
Gravity Gathering System
A gathering system that depends upon differences in elevation of ground level for the movement of fluid.
Gravity Scale Pricing
When the corrected gravity influences the price of oil in a run to a maximum for high gravity, low density oil.
Gravity Structure
A structure deriving its support on the seabed from the forces of gravity imparted through one or more mat foundations.
Grazing Incidence
Immersion inspection with the beam directed at a glancing angle to the test surface.
Greasing Out
Certain organic substances, usually fatty acid derivatives, which are added to drilling fluids as emulsifiers, extreme pressure lubricants, etc., may react with such ions as calcium and magnesium that are in or will subsequently come into the system. An essentially water insoluble greasy material separates out.
Greenwich
Longitude measured with respect to the prime meridian which passes through the Royal Astronomic Observatory at Greenwich, England.
Grid
(1) Geographic: A rectangular mesh overlain on a map for location reference; e.g., a commercial grid reference system.(2) Computer Mapping: To interpolate irregularly spaced values onto a regular spacing.(3) A set of integral values identifying the intersections of two families of parallel lines. Generally, the families are mutually perpendicular, and the lines are evenly spaced for form a regular grid.(4) Electrostatic treaters: the electric field is distributed by a steel assembly of plates,
Grid Angle
Angle between the positive inline direction and the positive crossline direction in a seismic grid. The angle is measured as counter clockwise being positive from the inline direction to the crossline direction.
Grid Name
The identifying name assigned to the grid.
Grid Origin
Survey location used in seismic to start numerically numbering bins, receivers, etc. The units of the grid origin are spatial ((x,y), (latitude,longitude), (easting,northing), etc.).
Grind Out
SEE: Shake Out.
Grinding
Removing material from a pipe surface by abrading; e.g., grinding wheel; file.
Gross Acres In Original Instrument
(1) For nonoperating, nonproducing interest type properties and unleased mineral interests, it is the total surface or equivalent acres stipulated (or computed) in instrument of acquisition by the indicated company.(2) For operating interest, nonproducing type properties (excluding unleased mineral interest), it is the total surface or equivalent acres stipulated in original lease instruments.(3) For producing type properties, it is the total surface or equivalent acres stipulated (or computed) in t
Gross Allocation Interest
The percentage that is input to allocate costs that appear on the outside operator's joint interest billings to the leases and/or units that the facilities serve. It is the percentage of the total gross charges that is allocated to the lease.
Gross Gas Production
The total quantity of gas produced, including reproduced gas lift or injected gas. Also referred to as total gas produced.
Gross Heating Value
The heat energy derived from the combustion of a unit quantity of a fuel when the reaction products are cooled to 60 degrees Fahrenheit.
Gross Pay
Entire thickness of pay zone, including nonproducing portions, within a specified overall interval.
Gross Production Tax Due Amount
The amount of Gross Production Tax due.
Gross Production Tax Interest Amount
The interest calculated on gross production tax for late payment and or reporting.
Gross Production Tax Paid Return Amount
The amount of gross production tax remitted with the return.
Gross Production Tax Penalty Amount
The amount of penalty or penalties associated with the gross production tax for late payment and or reporting.
Gross Production Tax Price Amount
The price used to calculate the value on which taxes are based.
Gross Production Tax Remitted By Others Amount
The amount of Gross Production Tax remitted by other parties.
Gross Production Volume
The total quantity of product (oil, gas, water, etc.) the well and or reservoir produced for the specified period of time.
Gross Rental
Total amount of delay rental due on a mineral lease.
Gross Reserves
100% of a hydrocarbon product that is estimated to be inplace in the reservoir(s).
Gross Revenue Interest
The total interest a working interest owner has in a lease including the interest of his royalty interest owners in connection with product sales.
Gross Sales Amount
The gross total value assigned to product(s) produced or sold.
Gross Tax Value
The total value paid for taxes on which proceeds are distributed to owners of the property. This value will be actual sales value, total lease value or entitled value depending on how the settlement is made for the specific accounting lease.
Gross Working Interest Amount
The lessee's interest in a lease before deducting the royalty interest and any overriding royalty and/or production payment interests. The working interest, therefore, reflects revenue due the royalty interest owner as well as that due the lessee, and represents the lessee's participation in exploration, development and producing costs either on a cash, penalty, or carried basis.
Ground Anchor
A static holding device installed in the ground separate from the rig structure and to which guylines may be attached.
Ground Elevation
The elevation of the ground relative to mean sea level.
Groundwater
Water present in the saturated zone of an aquifier.
Group
An array of geophones deployed at a station which collectively feed a single recording channel. The group identifer is the station identifer at which it is placed, combined with an array identifier (in case there are multiple arrays deployed at a station). All groups are associated with stations, but there may be stations not associated with groups.
Group Of Wells Produce.
Grouting
The filling of void space with a substance that hardens (grout).
Growth Fault
A fault in sedimentary rocks that forms contemporaneously and continuously with deposition, so that the throw increases with depth and the strata on the downthrown side are thicker than the correlative strata on the upthrown side.
Gsna District
Geothermal Survey of North America district.
Guar Gum
A naturally occurring hydrophilic poly saccharide derived from the seed of the guar plant. The gum is chemically classified as a galactomannan. Guar gum slurries made up in clear fresh or brine water possess pseudoplastic flow properties.
Guaranteed Royalty
The minimum amount of royalty income a royalty owner is to receive under the terms of the lease agreement, regardless of the royalty owner's share of actual proceeds from the sale of producton.
Guard Log
A well log of rock resistivity which involves the use of a guard tool.
Guard Tool
A resistivity logging device in which a current beam is focused by the use of guard electrodes, thus enhancing resolution of thin beds and permitting the use of the tool in wellbores filled with saline drilling fluids.
Guarded
Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or otherwise protected by means of suitable covers or casings, barrier rails, or screens to eliminate the possibility of accidental contact with or dangerous approach by persons, animals, or objects.
Guidance Equipment
Guidance equipment is used to direct and orient risers or tools to the seafloor template. Guidelines, tendons, submersibles, etc., can be used for this purpose.
Guide
A structure lowered to the ocean floor prior to offshore drilling used to guide and anchor drilling tools and wellhead housings.
Guide Base
An offshore platform whose supporting legs fit into a frame previously constructed and anchored to the seafloor.
Guide Fossil
SEE: Index Fossil.
Guide Shoe
A short, heavy cylindrical steel section filled with concrete and rounded at the bottom, which is placed at the bottom end of the casing string. The guide shoe prevents the casing from hanging up on irregularities in the borehole as it is lowered into the wellbore.
Gum
Any hydrophilic plant, polysaccharides or their derivatives which when dispersed in water, swell to produce a viscous dispersion or solution. Unlike resins, they are soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
Gumbo
(1) Any relatively sticky formation encountered in drilling; e.g., clay.(2) A term used locally in the U.S. for a clay soil that becomes sticky, impervious and plastic when wet.
Gunbarrel
A vertical separator, usually a tall, large diameter vessel permitting extended settling times for oil and water separation due to difference in specific gravity.
Gunbarrel Count
The number (count) of gunbarrels on a facility.
Gunk Plug
A slurry in crude or diesel oil containing any of the following materials or combinations: bentonite, cement, attapulgite, and guar gum (never with cement). Used primarily in combatting lost circulation. The plug may or may not be squeezed.
Gunk Squeeze
A bentonite, diesel oil mixture that is pumped down the drill pipe to mix with drilling fluid being pumped down the annulus. These two mix to form a stiff, putty like material that can be squeezed into lost circulation zones.
Gunning The Pit
Mechanical agitation of the drilling fluid in a pit by means of a mud gun, electric mixer, or agitator.
Gusher
A well from which oil flows spontaneously under a strong gas or water pressure from within the reservoir.
Guy
A rope, chain, or rod attached to anything to steady it. A wire line attached to the top of the derrick and extending obliquely to the ground where it is fastened to a guy anchor.
Guy Line
SEE: Guy.
Guying Pattern
A plan view showing the manufacturer's recommended locations and distance out to the anchors with respect to the wellhead.
Gyro Rigidity
First property of a gyroscope, tendency of a spinning gyroscope to maintain the original axis of rotation.
Gyroscope Survey
A directional survey conducted using a gyroscope for directional control, usually used where magnetic directional control cannot be obtained.
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